Turtle diet - Diet and Nutrition Western pond turtles are omnivorous. Most of the diet includes insects, crayfish, and other aquatic invertebrates. Fish, tadpoles, and frogs are eaten occasionally, and carrion is eaten when available. Plant foods include filamentous algae, lily pads, tule and cattail roots. Juveniles are primarily carnivorous and eat insects ...

 
 You can feed your turtle a combination of commercial turtle food, fresh fruits and vegetables, and live or frozen prey. Commercial turtle food should make up the majority of your turtle’s diet. It is essential to choose a high-quality commercial turtle food that is appropriate for your turtle’s species. When serving fresh fruits and ... . Fried crab

The Indian flapshell turtle is known to be omnivorous. Its diet consists of frogs, shrimp, snails, aquatic vegetation, plant leaves, flowers, fruits, grasses, and seeds. ... The turtle uses mainly burrowing and moving from water hole to water hole to avoid desiccation. The femoral flaps that cover the retracted legs help the turtle survive dry ...How to Feed Your Box Turtle. There's a balance you need to have to make sure your turtle has the right variety in their diet. Generally, what's recommended is 80-90% veggies and flowers, 10% fruits, and 10% commercial diet or lean proteins. This may be adjusted slightly by your veterinarian or based on your turtle's preferences.Provide calcium supplements daily for hatchlings and three times a week for adults. Food should be provided several times during the week. In addition, feed one protein meal a day (can be insects, snails, worms, or small fish). Although it's not ideal to handle mud turtles frequently, some owners create a separate sub-enclosure (like a clear ...The armored reptile was named after the giant turtle "Maturin," a fictional character created by best-selling author Stephen King. With a maximum shell length of …Loggerhead Turtle. Loggerheads, also known as “loggerhead turtles ,” or “loggerhead sea turtles ,” are large sea turtles native to many of the world’s oceans. They have reddish-brown colored shells, and large, …Mar 1, 2023 · What to food your pet turtle mostly depends on your turtle specie. Most species are omnivores, so you generally should feed it commercial pellets as well as leafy green vegetables, fruits, and live food such as crickets, slugs, worms, etc. This guide gives you full details on the different types of food that make up a balanced and healthy diet ... Dogs are omnivores, like humans are, so they can technically survive on a vegan or vegetarian diet and some even need to in order to address health issues. But transitioning to a m...Oct 14, 2023 · Diet Components and Feeding Schedule. High-quality turtle pellets should make up about 50% of your turtle’s diet. Supplement with insects like crickets, mealworms, or earthworms, and provide a variety of leafy greens, vegetables, and fruits. Some favorites include collard greens, dandelion leaves, squash, and berries. Diet and Nutrition Norhtern map turtles are carnivores. Adult females have wide heads, strong jaws and broad alveolar crushing surfaces in their mouths which they use to feed on mollusks, their primary prey, as well as insects and crayfish. Adult males are much smaller and have narrower heads and feed on smaller mollusks and insects.Feb 6, 2024 · The short answer is yes – turtles are omnivores that consume both plants and animals. Most turtles have a primarily herbivorous diet consisting of greens, vegetables, fruit, and aquatic plants. Grazing herbivores like red-eared sliders eat lots of greens like lettuce, spinach, and kale. Omnivores like painted turtles enjoy plants but also eat ... From the different creatures of the water, diamondback terrapin is known to be a pretty common name among seasoned aquarists. But beginners often find it a “back-breaking” job to take care of Diamondback Terrapin for not having adequate knowledge of its diet, food habit, potential diseases, and overall lifestyle. Here, I’ve got you covered …Almost all foods contain calories, but some foods have so few that they aren't worth really counting. These are frequently called "free foods." If you're on a diet and want a snack...10-24 years. Weight. 0.2-0.5. kg lbs. Length. 15-20. cm inch. Mauremys reevesii, commonly known as the Chinese pond turtle, the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle, or Reeves' turtle, is a species of turtle in the family Geoemydidae, a family which was formerly called Bataguridae. The species is native to East Asia. A source of food will hugely impact a turtle’s diet. Sea turtles will obviously have a very different diet to terrestrial turtles. Depending on its specific species, a sea turtle will generally eat algae, sponges, shrimps, squid, jellyfish, crab, seagrasses, sea cucumbers, or cuttlefish. Large turtles such as the Leatherback sea turtle will ... Diet and Nutrition Norhtern map turtles are carnivores. Adult females have wide heads, strong jaws and broad alveolar crushing surfaces in their mouths which they use to feed on mollusks, their primary prey, as well as insects and crayfish. Adult males are much smaller and have narrower heads and feed on smaller mollusks and insects.7. Some turtles are carnivores (meat eaters), others are herbivores (plant eaters) and some are omnivores (a mixture of the two!). Many baby turtles start life as carnivores but grow to eat more plants as they mature. 8. Turtles are ‘amniotes’ – they breathe air and lay their eggs on land, although many species live in or around water. 9. These cold-blooded …May 24, 2022 · Land turtles, also known as terrestrial turtles or tortoises, are omnivores who prefer to eat a range of foods. Adult land turtles generally like a balanced diet of beetles, caterpillars, earthworms, grubs and snails as well as berries, flowers, fruit, grasses and mushrooms. Young turtles, however, prefer a protein-heavy diet because of the ... Jun 12, 2023 ... Ontogenetic changes in habitat and diet are widespread among marine species. Most species of sea turtles are characterized by extreme ...A Common Snapping Turtle’s diet is more varied and omnivorous, while Alligator Snapping Turtles consume a more meat-based diet. Hibernation. Northern snapping turtles burrow into the mud to hibernate during the winter, and become active again as soon as the surface ice melts.Russian tortoises are herbivorous, which means that they will eat fruits, vegetables and plants. A well-balanced diet for a pet Russian tortoise will consist mostly of leafy greens, with fruits only being given occasionally. But you can’t simply throw a random amount of food in the enclosure and let your tortoise eat as much as it needs.Your turtle’s ideal diet will vary depending on its size, species, age, environment, and other factors. Most domesticated turtles are omnivores, which means …Average Life Span: unknown. Size: 2 feet to 7 feet long. Weight: 70 to 1500 pounds. Current Population Trend: Decreasing. Six of the seven species of sea turtles that swim the planet’s waters ... You can feed your turtle a combination of commercial turtle food, fresh fruits and vegetables, and live or frozen prey. Commercial turtle food should make up the majority of your turtle’s diet. It is essential to choose a high-quality commercial turtle food that is appropriate for your turtle’s species. When serving fresh fruits and ... Apr 16, 2018 ... Try some red lettuce. Many turtles that have resisted plant matter will happily eat red lettuce. Just put it in and walk away. Leave it a couple ...How to Feed Your Box Turtle. There's a balance you need to have to make sure your turtle has the right variety in their diet. Generally, what's recommended is 80-90% veggies and flowers, 10% fruits, and 10% commercial diet or lean proteins. This may be adjusted slightly by your veterinarian or based on your turtle's preferences.Oct 28, 2020 · In the wild, these chelonians feed on both plants and animals. They are known to eat insects, fish, crickets, and worms. Many Asian box turtles enjoy feeding in water such as the Amboina box turtle and spend large portions of their day in water bodies. They also eat berries and vegetation. Feb 23, 2023 ... Like most cheloniid sea turtles, the hawksbill sea turtle has a complex life cycle that begins with a dispersive-oceanic stage characterized by ...The diet of a mud turtle includes a variety of aquatic and terrestrial animals. They also feed on mollusks and insects. Mud turtles spend the winter months hibernating underground. They are usually found in small bodies of water. They are part terrestrial and part aquatic, with a preference for muddy bottoms. Your pet’s diet is a huge part of their care. Knowing what to feed your pet turtle or tortoise is essential to ensuring they stay full, happy and healthy. What is the Difference Between Turtle and Tortoise Diets? The most significant difference between the nutritional needs of a turtle and a tortoise is what is in their diet. Turtles are ... Table of Contents. Musk Turtle Diet & Feeding Guide. What Do Musk Turtles Eat? Foods To Avoid Feeding The Musk Turtle. How Often Do You Feed A Musk Turtle? Feeding … The leatherback sea turtle is the largest turtle in the world. They are the only species of sea turtle that lack scales and a hard shell. They are named for their tough rubbery skin and have existed in their current form since the age of the dinosaurs. Leatherbacks are highly migratory, some swimming over 10,000 miles a year between nesting and ... How to Feed Your Box Turtle. There's a balance you need to have to make sure your turtle has the right variety in their diet. Generally, what's recommended is 80-90% veggies and flowers, 10% fruits, and 10% commercial diet or lean proteins. This may be adjusted slightly by your veterinarian or based on your turtle's preferences. Description of the Turtle. There are over 356 different species of turtles and tortoises. Turtles in particular (as opposed to tortoises) are aquatic reptiles with webbed feet and hard shells. Their jaws are equipped with hard beaks that help them capture and cut apart food. Some species of turtles have eyes and nostrils situated on the tops of ... Jun 12, 2023 ... Ontogenetic changes in habitat and diet are widespread among marine species. Most species of sea turtles are characterized by extreme ...The red eared sliders are omnivorous, meaning their balanced diet includes plant and animal materials. They feed on plant materials such as leafy greens, aquatic plants, and vegetables. And they take animal proteins such as earthworms, mealworms, silkworms, aquatic snails, shrimp, etc. The following guide will teach you everything you …Captive Turtle Diet. When kept as pets, Eastern box turtles require a diet that closely mimics their natural one. It is important to provide them with a balanced and nutritious diet to ensure their health and well-being. Captive box turtles should be fed a combination of animal protein, fruits, vegetables, and supplements.Feeding a box turtle is more difficult than other reptiles because of the variety of foods they require. You should aim to feed a diet that consists of 60% meat, 30% vegetable and 10% fruit. Some good meat sources include: Dog Food (Semi-Moist, Canned, or Soaked Dry Food) Whole Skinned Chopped Mice. Baby Pinky Mice.Just like us, turtles need a balanced diet to thrive. Relying too heavily on roaches or any single food source can lead to nutritional deficiencies or excesses. Another potential risk is the size of the roach. Yes, size matters when it comes to turtle snacks. Feeding too large roaches can pose a choking hazard or cause digestive blockages ...Your turtle’s ideal diet will vary depending on its size, species, age, environment, and other factors. Most domesticated turtles are omnivores, which means …The Indian flapshell turtle is known to be omnivorous. Its diet consists of frogs, shrimp, snails, aquatic vegetation, plant leaves, flowers, fruits, grasses, and seeds. ... The turtle uses mainly burrowing and moving from water hole to water hole to avoid desiccation. The femoral flaps that cover the retracted legs help the turtle survive dry ...Average Life Span: unknown. Size: 2 feet to 7 feet long. Weight: 70 to 1500 pounds. Current Population Trend: Decreasing. Six of the seven species of sea turtles that swim the planet’s waters ...Musk turtles often need multivitamin and calcium supplements to ensure their health, as most don’t get enough vitamin A, vitamin D, and calcium from their regular diet. Turtles of all ages need multivitamins once a week. Give calcium supplements to hatchlings every day or 3 times a week for adults.Diet of Wild Yellow-Bellied Turtles. Yellow-bellied turtles have a predominantly omnivorous diet, much of which originates from the animal’s native ecosystem. These turtles can sometimes hunt their food on land as well, but they prefer to feed in the water for the most part. Some of the turtle’s favorite foods include fish, crayfish, shrimp ...Every year, you'll see rankings of the "best" and "worst" diets. But there's no such thing. U.S. News has once again ranked all the diets, with the groundbreaking result that...the...The definitive guide. Home → Features → Natural Sciences → Animals → Amphibians. What do pet turtles (and wild ones) eat? The definitive guide. They are among the oldest reptiles in the world and...3.5-12.5. cm inch. The spotted turtle ( Clemmys guttata ), the only species of the genus Clemmys, is a small, semi-aquatic turtle that reaches a carapace length of 8–12 cm (3.1–4.7 in) upon adulthood. Their broad, smooth, low dark-colored upper shell, or carapace, ranges in its exact colour from black to a bluish black with a number of tiny ... A source of food will hugely impact a turtle’s diet. Sea turtles will obviously have a very different diet to terrestrial turtles. Depending on its specific species, a sea turtle will generally eat algae, sponges, shrimps, squid, jellyfish, crab, seagrasses, sea cucumbers, or cuttlefish. Large turtles such as the Leatherback sea turtle will ... Nov 21, 2023 · 2. Provide live food. Unlike tortoises, turtles also eat meat. This is an important part of their diet so be sure to have a regular supply of animal-based food for your turtle, including live food. The type of things you should feed your turtle includes crickets, mealworms, waxworms and other small grubs and insects. Baking soda is another option to spike acidity levels in the turtle habitat. Pour one tablespoon of soda for every 5 gallons of water in the tank, and it will work. Moving to the next step, you have to ensure the water hygiene in the mata mata turtle habitat. These turtles live 24/7 in the water, making the area dirty.Small chunks of melon, unpeeled banana, tomatoes, guavas, peaches, raisins, star-fruits, and kiwis are good for turtles. Remember to keep the portion size small and to have the bulk of the diet consist of …Oct 28, 2020 · In the wild, these chelonians feed on both plants and animals. They are known to eat insects, fish, crickets, and worms. Many Asian box turtles enjoy feeding in water such as the Amboina box turtle and spend large portions of their day in water bodies. They also eat berries and vegetation. Weight. 46-70. kg lbs. Length. 71-89. cm inch. The Hawksbill sea turtle ( Eretmochelys imbricata) is a critically endangered sea turtle belonging to the family Cheloniidae. It is the only extant species in the genus Eretmochelys. The Hawksbill sea turtle has a global distribution; it lives part of its life in the open ocean but spends more time ...Diet-busting foods work against you if you are watching your weight. These foods may taste good, but are low in nutrition and high in calories. Many of these foods leave you feelin...Geoemydidae. Genus. Heosemys. SPECIES. Heosemys spinosa. The spiny turtle ( Heosemys spinosa ) is a South-East Asian turtle species. It inhabits lowland and hill rainforest, usually in the vicinity of small streams, mainly in hill areas up to 900 m above sea level. Te. Terrestrial.The loggerhead musk turtle ( Sternotherus minor) is a species of turtle in the family Kinosternidae. This turtle has a large head which has a light-colored background with dark spots or stripes present on the head and neck. The average size of an adult loggerhead musk turtle is about 3–5 in (7.6–12.7 cm) in straight carapace length.Diet and Nutrition Norhtern map turtles are carnivores. Adult females have wide heads, strong jaws and broad alveolar crushing surfaces in their mouths which they use to feed on mollusks, their primary prey, as well as insects and crayfish. Adult males are much smaller and have narrower heads and feed on smaller mollusks and insects.By Sadhan Moni September 2, 2023. Japanese pond turtle care involves providing a suitable environment for the semiaquatic turtle, with a focus on maintaining optimal water quality and temperature, providing a balanced diet, and ensuring proper lighting and habitat enrichment. These turtles can live for an average of 30 years, with females often ...Olive Ridley Diet. Turtle patient Azura, an olive ridley, eating lobster. Olive ridleys are omnivorous, mostly eating jellyfish, snails, crabs, and shrimp but they will occasionally eat algae and seaweed as well. Back to Top. Sea turtles eat a specific diet depending on their species and habitat. Adult green turtles are vegetarian, leatherbacks ...Amyda cartilaginea has a shell that grows from 70 to 80 cm (27.6 to 31.5 inches) in length. The juvenile turtle's shell has a rough appearance; adults have a shell that is soft and leathery in texture. This turtle is average sized, growing to weigh between 15 kg (33 lbs) and 25 kg (55 lbs), with unconfirmed reports claiming that Amyda ...The keto diet is high in fat and low in carbs, good for quick weight loss, but not to keep it off. HowStuffWorks looks at the science behind the diet. Advertisement The keto diet i...Hawksbills get their name from their unique beak-like mouth, which resembles that of a hawk and is perfect for finding food sources in hard-to-reach cracks and crevices. They are the only species of sea turtle that can survive on a diet consisting mainly of sponges. Hawksbill turtles play a key role in the function of marine ecosystems.Small chunks of melon, unpeeled banana, tomatoes, guavas, peaches, raisins, star-fruits, and kiwis are good for turtles. Remember to keep the portion size small and to have the bulk of the diet consist of …Sep 21, 2017 ... Based on experimental data, the most important nutrients and their levels that should be included in turtle diets are crude protein (39.0 - 46.5 ...CAPTIVE DIET. Noted to thrive on a diverse diet of figs, apples, other fruits, eel weed (Vallisneria sp.), whitebait (Pisces) and shrimp per one source 2. I recommend inclusion of a strong brand name commercial tortoise or box turtle food (Mazuri, ZooMed, etc…) with Vit. D 3 content. Given that UV-B penetration of water is sub-optimal & they ...Loggerhead and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles are carnivores, eating other animals. Leatherbacks are referred to as gelatinivores because their diet consists of gelatinous prey like jellyfish and sea squirts. …Nutritionally complete Aquatic Turtle Diet created by Mazuri; Zoo Med’s Natural aquatic food with 25% protein for turtles over 6 inches (15 cm) Most experts consider freeze-dried food safer for Painted turtles than live ones. Unfortunately, these animals often avoid consuming already dead worms, shrimps, and fish.The non-plant portion of a snapping turtle's diet is quite varied. Snapping turtles eat crawfish, fish, frogs, insects, snakes, and spiders. They will even eat birds, other turtles, and small mammals.750-1400. g oz. Length. 18-23. cm inch. Blanding's turtle ( Emydoidea blandingii) is a semi-aquatic turtle native to North America. It is considered to be an endangered species throughout much of its range. Blanding's turtle is of interest in longevity research, as it shows little to no common signs of aging and is physically active and capable ... 30-40 years. Weight. 4.5-16. kg lbs. Length. 25-47. cm inch. The Common snapping turtle ( Chelydra serpentina) is a species of large freshwater turtle. It is noted for its combative disposition when out of the water with its powerful beak-like jaws, and highly mobile head and neck (hence the specific epithet serpentina, meaning " snake -like"). Females of the Chinese softshell turtle can reach up to 33 cm (13 in) in carapace length, while the smaller males reach 27 cm (11 in), but however have longer tails than the females. Maturity is reached at a carapace length of 18–19 cm (7–7.5 in). It has webbed feet for swimming. They are called "softshell" because their carapace lacks ...Feb 23, 2023 ... Like most cheloniid sea turtles, the hawksbill sea turtle has a complex life cycle that begins with a dispersive-oceanic stage characterized by ...The turtle may release a foul odor when threatened in order to warn away predators. Big-headed Turtle Diet and Feeding Habits. Here are some information about Big-headed Turtle: 1. Diet Type. Use of the Over-the-Head Method of Consumption The turtle has a wide diet, including both plant and animal matter. It doesn’t care what kind …As pets, box turtles should eat a highly varied diet that includes a combination of fresh vegetables (40%) and fruits (10%), mixed with low-fat protein (50%). A great meal for captive box turtles includes vegetables like carrots, squash, or sweet peppers, fruits like berries, or melons, and whole live foods like earthworms, waxworms, …Nutritionally complete Aquatic Turtle Diet created by Mazuri; Zoo Med’s Natural aquatic food with 25% protein for turtles over 6 inches (15 cm) Most experts consider freeze-dried food safer for Painted turtles than live ones. Unfortunately, these animals often avoid consuming already dead worms, shrimps, and fish.Miniature protected turtles, masquerading as candies in bright wrappers, were illegally shipped between the US and Hong Kong. The conspirators were caught. People ship all kinds of...Geoemydidae. Genus. Heosemys. SPECIES. Heosemys spinosa. The spiny turtle ( Heosemys spinosa ) is a South-East Asian turtle species. It inhabits lowland and hill rainforest, usually in the vicinity of small streams, mainly in hill areas up to 900 m above sea level. Te. Terrestrial.Diet: Carnivore. Group Name: Bale, dole. Average Life Span In The Wild: 20 to 70 years ... The prehistoric-looking alligator snapping turtle is the largest freshwater turtle in North America and ...

Just like us, turtles need a balanced diet to thrive. Relying too heavily on roaches or any single food source can lead to nutritional deficiencies or excesses. Another potential risk is the size of the roach. Yes, size matters when it comes to turtle snacks. Feeding too large roaches can pose a choking hazard or cause digestive blockages .... Homeserve usa repair plan

turtle diet

Caffeine in the Diet - Caffeine is a mainstay in the American diet. Learn where caffeine is found in the diet -- some of these places may surprise you. Advertisement Caffeine occur...Russian tortoises are herbivorous, which means that they will eat fruits, vegetables and plants. A well-balanced diet for a pet Russian tortoise will consist mostly of leafy greens, with fruits only being given occasionally. But you can’t simply throw a random amount of food in the enclosure and let your tortoise eat as much as it needs.Shop for Turtle Food in Turtles. Buy products such as Tetra ReptoMin Multicolor Floating Baby Food Sticks for Turtles, Newts & Frogs at Walmart and save.Learn about the different diets of turtles in the wild, as pets, and in the ocean and pond. Find out what fruits, vegetables, plants, insects, fish, pellets, and meat they eat, and how …Red-eared slider turtles consume in water plant habitats. Red-eared slider turtles are largely carnivorous as juveniles, and become more omnivorous as they age. Red-eared sliders can go months without meals but only seven days without water. The nutritional needs of red-eared sliders change as they get older. A basic diet comprising …Diet and Nutrition Norhtern map turtles are carnivores. Adult females have wide heads, strong jaws and broad alveolar crushing surfaces in their mouths which they use to feed on mollusks, their primary prey, as well as insects and crayfish. Adult males are much smaller and have narrower heads and feed on smaller mollusks and insects.75 years. Weight. 7. kg lbs. Length. 34. cm inch. The Mary River turtle ( Elusor macrurus ) is an endangered short-necked turtle that is endemic to the Mary River in south-east Queensland, Australia. While the Mary River Turtle was first formerly discovered in 1994, they eluded discovery in their natural environment for nearly 30 years.Wild Diet. Omnivorous in diet, it eats small invertibrates such as insects and earthworms, as well as various fruits. The fondness of snails or slugs in Geoemyda spengleri has been noted as well. Behavior. Like many chelonians, Geoemyda spengleri often do not move unless there is a specific reason for them to do so. As Rudloff (1986) has noted ...Meerkat Habitat and Diet - Meerkat habitat stretches across the Kalahari Desert. Learn about meerkat habitat and find out about the meerkat hunt and meerkat diet. Advertisement Pri...Product Details. Mazuri Aquatic Turtle Diet is a complete turtle food for freshwater turtles, such as painted and red-eared turtles, at all stages of life. This ...Musk turtles often need multivitamin and calcium supplements to ensure their health, as most don’t get enough vitamin A, vitamin D, and calcium from their regular diet. Turtles of all ages need multivitamins once a week. Give calcium supplements to hatchlings every day or 3 times a week for adults.The Ideal Eastern Box Turtle Diet: What to Feed Your Pet. Balanced Diet for Omnivorous Turtles. Diet Components and Feeding Schedule. Water and Hydration. …Animals Network Team. These shelled reptilians can be found nearly worldwide. Turtles and tortoises are easily identified by their bony or cartilaginous shells. This shell helps … You can feed your turtle a combination of commercial turtle food, fresh fruits and vegetables, and live or frozen prey. Commercial turtle food should make up the majority of your turtle’s diet. It is essential to choose a high-quality commercial turtle food that is appropriate for your turtle’s species. When serving fresh fruits and ... Protein. Protein is an essential part of your pet turtle’s diet. Turtles are omnivores and can eat both plant and animal-based protein. Some good animal-based protein options include insects, worms, and small pieces of cooked chicken or fish. You can also provide plant-based protein sources like tofu or cooked beans.The pink-bellied side-necked turtle ( Emydura subglobosa ) is a recent introduction to the North American turtle keeping hobby. Its shell ranges in color from beige to chestnut brown or slate gray. The plastron can be white, pink or, in the case of especially prized specimens, bright red/orange. The skin is typically various shades of gray ...Diet and Nutrition Norhtern map turtles are carnivores. Adult females have wide heads, strong jaws and broad alveolar crushing surfaces in their mouths which they use to feed on mollusks, their primary prey, as well as insects and crayfish. Adult males are much smaller and have narrower heads and feed on smaller mollusks and insects.The most expensive part of owning a slider is the tank and its setup. A 100-gallon tank and accessories will cost over $300. When looking to purchase a yellow-bellied slider, make sure you are buying a captive-bred turtle from a good breeder. Healthy turtles should be alert and try to escape if approached by a person.From the different creatures of the water, diamondback terrapin is known to be a pretty common name among seasoned aquarists. But beginners often find it a “back-breaking” job to take care of Diamondback Terrapin for not having adequate knowledge of its diet, food habit, potential diseases, and overall lifestyle. Here, I’ve got you covered ….

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